Female Songwriters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Female Songwriters - Essay Example With more efforts being instituted in closely examining the appeal of a particular musical composition through time, music enthusiasts aver that female songwriters of contemporary times use language in a distinctly different way from the majority of male songwriters. It is therefore the aim of the current essay to compare the song lyrics written by two female songwriters: Jewel and Sheryl Crow, with the songs written by two male songwriters: John Mayer and Jason Mraz. The songs written by the female songwriters, â€Å"Who Will Save Your Soul† by Jewel and â€Å"Strong Enough† by Sheryl Crow sends the message that the subject of salvation presented for reflection by being more aware of one’s personal actions and behavior. On the other hand, Sheryl Crow’s â€Å"Strong Enough† is directed to men being asked the question of being strong enough for women in times of struggles, challenges, and difficulties. There are similarities in mentioning religion an d reference to God but at the same time, there is a message that focuses on the eminent strength of women when times indicate the need to rely on their own. The songs written by male songwriters, â€Å"Your Body is a Wonderland† by John Mayer and â€Å"I Won’t Give Up† by Jason Mraz focus on the message being given or relayed to women.

Philosophy assignment one Essay Example for Free

Philosophy assignment one Essay Aristotle begins the study of politics with the household and its parts as the parts of the whole, the city, is composed. His discussion of the family gives three kinds of rule that is found in the household, master over slave, husband over wife and father over child. Aristotle provides an intellectual and rational means to the good life and the best society, or politics is autonomous and self-sufficient, that is, it is an activity independent of other spheres of human endeavor, and thus a sphere possessing knowledge and a technique independent of other forms of knowledge. To Aristotle community is based on reason. So, to Aristotle the polis and the logos are inextricably interwoven. The expansion or acquisition of property could be said to be internal dissension and internal strife, which deems salutary to the power and growth of Rome while laments the strife and factionalism that was a direct cause contributing to the fall of the republic. This stress on strife and conflict is significant in that is shows that the internal conflict over acquisition is transformed into an external conflict for acquisition. Aristotle’s view of society called the substantial form or the soul of the human body was conceived in such a way that the human being was seen to depend on the community for the satisfaction of its needs. Natural law forms the basis of all positive law, and whenever a positive legal stipulation contradicts this natural law, it loses its legal validity. It is possible to deduce objective natural law, valid for humanity as a whole, from teleological ethical basic principle. Aristotle defends politics by considering whether human beings are natural slaves and by repelling the economic view that all nature is the property of man. With property and money in Aristotle’s opinion, nature does require and permit property, but she does not require humans to acquire many possessions for the sake of their economic wellbeing. She may, however, require and permit the pursuit of another kind of wealth in virtually unlimited quantities. The tools, or wealth, that human beings use are secured by the art of moneymaking. But how human beings use wealth and therefore to some extent how much they use would seem to be determined by the household manager. So it is somewhat unclear whether moneymaking is properly the same as, a part of, or a subsidiary of household management. Both the household and the city are properly concerned with the perfect preservation of human beings and their rulers presumably acquire and use all things for that end. Nature has made all things for the use of human beings. We need as much of what moneymaking provides us as is necessary for life and for the good life secured in the household and the city. If the things that human beings can possess or use are of great variety, as indeed they seem to be and if it is the task of moneymaking to contemplate where useful things and property come from, then moneymaking must contemplate virtually all of visible nature and seek its cause or causes. However useful to economics and politics moneymaking may be, the study of nature or natural philosophy, to which moneymaking gives rise might return to its beginnings in economics. Human beings can use their skills to acquire nourishment and the store of things useful for life and the good life in various ways, nature seems to facilitate their consumption of her resources. Humans and other animals are said to be able to procure nourishment with ease and even according to their choice. Humans can combine various nourishments and the means of procuring them in order to live more pleasantly. Among the perfectly acceptable mans are robbery, the use of all inferior beings in nature, and even war against intransigent inferiors. These means are not contrary to nature and do not amount to expropriation from a hostile nature. Nature seems to sanction these means as necessary. When nature’s selfishness becomes all too apparent a second kind of acquisition comes into being. Nature’s failure to guarantee the self-sufficiency of each individual necessitates exchange. Although not by nature, exchange is according to nature, fir it serves her end of preservation. True moneymaking emerges reasonably from exchange or barter but becomes something different. Exchange, especially with foreigners is facilitated by the invention of money. Once its value has been agreed upon and signified by an impression on its face, money becomes the measure and standard for the value of the necessary things traded. Money and all other things come to be used to make more money and the generation of money from money, or interest, becomes comparable to natural genesis. Moneymaking and devotion to money, it appears, are as limitless as the natural human desires for life and pleasure. Money assumes central importance because it is thought to ensure satisfaction of the original desire for preservation carried to its logical conclusion, the desire for immortal happiness. Aristotle acknowledges that the culmination of moneymaking in usury is hated, but he himself does not condemn the unlimited form of moneymaking. He even teaches the art of trade, a form of moneymaking. He does, however, contend that it is an error to equate money with true wealth. Locke contends that there is a natural law derived from reason regulating the relations of individuals in the natural condition. The law of nature contains three distinct but interrelated commands. Locke claims that the power to execute the natural law is every mans, whereby each individual has the right to punish anyone who violates the natural law by threatening one’s self-preservation or harming another in their life, liberty or possessions. In regards to private property it involves both the explicit renunciation of property claims and implicit recognition of the equality of the private party to agreements. Locke may mean no more than that any explicit agreement with another regarding one matter includes implicit recognition of the property integrity of the various parties. Locke may intend a more expansive construction of the meaning of implicit recognition such that any explicit assertion of property integrity by one state produces an implicitly renunciation by that state of any property claim against any other. Locke assumes that every individual must have property of its own.

Studying and Treating the Communicative Dyad Essay -- Medical Conditio

Aphasia is a communication disorder that affects not only the communication of the individual but also the communication of the people who interact with the individual on a regular basis. Language intervention, therefore, should include a component of training and educating the caregivers as well as the person with aphasia (Purdy & Hindenlang, 2005). In recent years, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have begun to take more of a social context approach to aphasia intervention, making it more functional for the client and including the caregivers through training (Turner & Whitworth, 2006). Many studies have investigated different types of caregiver training programs and their effectiveness on improved communication between the person with aphasia (PWA) and his or her caregiver (Hopper, Holland, & Rewega, 2002; Purdy & Hindenlang, 2005; Turner & Whitworth, 2006). While these studies suggest that caregiver training programs improve the communication dyad, there is little existing evi dence to suggest that skills learned through these programs generalize to settings outside of the therapy room. The types of caregiver training programs, the programs’ effectiveness, and their long-term outcomes have been reviewed by Turner and Whitworth (2006). There were three major types of conversation partner training (CPT) programs that the researchers identified in the available literature. One type was Conversation Analysis motivated therapy, which encourages collaborative conversation, and the communication partners shape their responses based on the previous conversational turn. In this manner, both conversational partners have a responsibility to do their part in achieving a successful interaction. Another type of CPT examined in the rev... ...econd, this study may provide further support for the benefits of actively including the spouse or caregiver in therapy. Finally, it may provide a detailed training program that SLPs can use when training caregivers and loved ones of people with aphasia that could be used as part of the therapeutic process in addition to traditional therapy aimed at improving the communication of the person with aphasia. Works Cited Hopper, T., Holland, A., & Rewega, M. (2002). Conversational coaching: Treatment outcomes and future directions. Aphasiology, 16(7), 745-761. Purdy, M., & Hindenlang, J. (2005). Educating and training caregivers of persons with aphasia. Aphasiology, 19, 377-388. Turner, S., & Whitworth, A. (2006). Conversational partner training programmes in aphasia: A review of key themes and participants’ roles. Aphasiology, 20(6), 483-510.

Genocide in Sudan Essay -- Africa Political History

Since gaining its independence in 1956 from the United Kingdom and Egypt, Sudan has been a country stricken with violence. This violence continues on even today in the form of genocide. The genocide committed in this country has horrified the international community for the last 15 years. According to the Washington Post, over 450,000 Sudanese have died as a result of fighting, famine, or disease since 2003 alone. There are several factors that contribute to the all out violence between the Sudanese people. The first factor is the multicultural make up of the Sudan. Sudan is a country with hundreds of tribes that do not see themselves in a nationalistic light. This is a major cause of the internal fight of Sudan. The second is China’s influence over Sudan. China is currently the largest importer of Sudan’s natural resources, and has supplied North Sudan with arms and finances. China has also ignored most of the UN sanctions placed against Sudan. The third is Sudan’s neighboring countries. Most of these countries have experienced some sort of turmoil themselves over the last 20 years, and contribute to a good portion of displaced persons found in Sudan. Unless the Sudanese can address these factors, violence will continue in the Sudan. Firstly, one must consider the multicultural composition of Sudan. Being the largest country in Africa, Sedan has approximately 600 tribes within their borders. Tribes in the North are considered Arab tribes, and tribes in the South are considered African or non-Arab. Many of these tribes have unique cultures of their own. Take South Sudan for example, according to Peter Gatluak of the Sudan Vision Daily, â€Å"They do not see themselves as South Sudanese... ...nter for Transitional Justice , 1. Deeb, S. E. (2011). North Sudan faces its likely truncated future. Associate Press , 1. Gatluak, P. C. (2011). Focus on the South. Sudan Vision Daily , 1. noted, N. a. (2008, Feb 22). China defends arms sales to Sudan. BBC News , p. 1. Noted, N. A. (2007, May 9). Darfour watch: China, Russia still supplying weapons used in attacks. The World Tribune , p. 1. Noted, N. A. (2011, Jan 15). South Sudan referendum wraps up. Bloomberg News , p. 1. Noted, N. (2010, Decmber 1). South Sudan’s secession will rid the country from 3 "lousy neighbors": official. Sudan Tribune , p. 1. Solomon, L. (2010, Dec 09). Lawrence Solomon: To Islam’s dismay, a new oil nation is born. Financial Post , p. 1. State, U. D. (2010). Travel Warning, Chad. US Department of State. Walker, R. (2010, Nov 20). Hello country number 193. The Economist , p. 1.

Mckinsey Report July 2012

Day of reckoning for European retail banking McKinsey report July 2012 The dynamics of the global banking sector have been in flux since the beginning of the 2008. Irate creditors everywhere have called for more stringent regulation to ensure that that the interests of financial institutions are more closely aligned with those of their customers and shareholders. The global, European and national authorities have responded with vigour and the regulatory reform to which all banks, wholesale and retail, will be subject in the coming years will have an important impact on their bottom line. The single biggest cause of a reduction in retail banks’ ROE will come from the global regulatory mechanism Basel III, which will place greater capital requirements on banks and more emphasis on adequate funding and liquidity. Furthermore, three important European regulatory instruments, the EU Mortgage Directive, the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) and the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA), Payment Service Directive, will also considerably diminish ROE. Finally, the implementation of new national regulation will create further downward pressure on ROE, though this will vary considerably from country to country. This report provides estimates on the impact on capital, revenues, costs and profit margins of all the relevant regulations on each product (both asset- and liability-based) in each of the four biggest European markets – France, Germany, Britain and Italy – which combined constitute 66% of the EU27 retail-banking market. ROE is the standard metric used and the report calculates the cumulative effect of all regulation as if it were all put in place immediately, using 2010 as the baseline year. The paper reaches some important conclusions. Firstly, with regard to national and continent-wide retail banking markets, ROE will fall from approximately 10% to 6% when all four markets are taken as a whole. Below is a breakdown of the effect in each of the national markets: Country France Germany Italy UK ROE Pre-Regulation 14% 7% 5% 14% ROE Post-Regulation 10% 4% 3% 7% Delta -29 -47 -40 -48 The impact in the UK is particularly caustic as national regulation is extensive. In terms of the effect of regulation on the different product offerings of retail banks, asset-based products are generally the harder-hit. In the UK and France, mortgages and small-business loans will be the most adversely affected. Similarly in Germany mortgages, personal and small-business loans will be the most negatively influenced. In Italy, the value of every asset-based product will be impaired. The disheartening truth of the matter is that across the board the ROE of asset-based products will fall below 10%, which is currently the estimated cost of equity for retail banks. On the other hand, liability-based products will prove more resilient. Deposits will become more valuable to retail banks as they are an advantaged form of funding and liquidity under new regulation. Geographically speaking, in France and Germany only investment products and debit cards will be negatively affected and in Italy most liability-based products will escape relatively intact. However, once again domestic regulation in Britain will play a role in reducing retail banks’ ROE, to the extent that all liability products in the UK will be adversely affected. An important section of the report discusses global systemically important financial institutions (GSIFIs). Such pecuniary establishments are considered too interconnected and universal to be subject to the new regulation imposed on smaller-scale retail banks. The Financial Stability Board has therefore proposed additional capital requirements for G-SIFIs, which will induce a further reduction of their ROE of anywhere between 0. 4 percentage points and 1. 3 percentage points depending on the institution. In addition, it will be obligatory for all G-SIFIs to prepare a recovery and resolution plan (RRP) that will provide a strategic map for authorities to wind down the bank in the event of dissolution. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) is also developing new global rules on risk IT for G-SIFIs which are expected to be issued by the end of 2012. Such regulation will mean that these organisations will be subject to exhaustive supervision and many ad hoc requests, thus amplifying costs and absorbing management resources. The general conclusion of this paper is that it is improbable that banks across the board in Europe will return to pre-regulation ROE levels in the short to medium term. The UK will be particularly adversely affected due to its inflexible domestic regulation. Nevertheless, the paper proposes four mitigative measures retail banks can employ in order to cushion the blow of new regulatory forces on their ROE levels. The first is â€Å"Technical Mitigation†, which essentially involves improving efficiency of capital and funding. Secondly, â€Å"Capital – and funding-light operating models† seek to further improve funding efficiency and reduce risk-weighted assets (RWAs) by implementing changes to their product mix and characteristics and ensuring more vigorous pursuit of collateral and better outplacement of risk. Thirdly, and although they will be severely limited in doing so by regulatory authorities, banks can execute â€Å"repricing† in order to compensate the shortfall in ROE. The paper predicts more repricing in fragmented industries, which implies that the scale of repricing will be limited in the UK, a highly concentrated industry. Types of repricing include new fee-based pricing, modular pricing, partial performance remuneration and value-added packages. Finally, and perhaps most dramatically, financial institutions can engage in â€Å"Business-Model Alignment. Such restrategizing would involve two principle shifts. The first centres on a new, rigorous focus on ROE in retail banks, meaning greater investment in management systems and strengthening their resource allocation processes. The second important shift can be denoted as â€Å"Sustainable Retail Banking,† and comprises four key elements: expansion into new revenue sources, creation of advice for which customers w ill pay, reconfiguration and refocusing of the distribution system to render it leaner and simpler and cutting absolute costs by 20 – 30%. By exercising the above levers, retail banks can create a bulwark against the weight of new regulation and cushion the inevitable reduction in their ROE. Anticipatory forward-planning of mitigation measures is central in adapting to the new regulatory environment engulfing retail banking and will help banks that are fully committed to returning to pre-regulation ROE levels to achieve their post-regulatory reform potential.

10 Research Essay Topics on Quantitative Policy Analysis

10 Research Essay Topics on Quantitative Policy Analysis If you need facts to help you write a quantitative policy analysis for education, health, or any other topic, consider the ten facts below: Literature has suggested that unstable family situations such as poor parents’ marital relationship may have adverse effects on the growth of the children, with the adolescent stage showing critical signs of such influence. Concerns such as the incarceration or marital status of the parents tend to affect the performance of adolescent children. Adolescents tend to express the resultant stress in different ways, with most various psychological disorders. Mental health is considered to be among the leading concerns that may be associated to the instability of parental input, especially in the minority communities. However, due to a dearth of study on this topic there is a need to investigate this idea further. Access to clean drinking water is a basic human right. The United Nations has stated that a human right is a universal and indivisible standard for equality and the illegality of discrimination. The United Nations also hosted their Convention on the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, which dictates international standards for the use and care of international watercourses, with freshwater becoming a concern by the 1990s. As far as environmental freshwater law is concerned, before these international movements existed only the Customary International Law of International Waters as a method of legitimizing water claims for those nations which were forced to share waters. To date there have been over 3,700 international water agreements. The General Assembly of the United Nations’ Convention on the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses states in Article 5 that the use of international watercourse must be done so in a manner which can be considered reasonable and equitable to each nation. When contracts exist between two or more parties on an international scale, and conflict emerges, revisions to international law allow for heightened party autonomy in the selection of which rules of law are applied to the conflict, or in some cases to individual components of the conflict. This provides parties with the freedom to choose lower level litigation or higher, international litigation whereby governments get involved. It is the Regulations from Rome I which stipulate that parties have the freedom to select which applicable law they use, something which is argued to be one of the cornerstones to the conflict of law for contractual obligations. This idea is one which is perpetuated among EU contract law, English Traditional Rules, and the Hague Principles on Choice of Law in International Contracts. The Hague Principles on Choice of Law in International Contracts which apply to party autonomy in the selection of law influences international contracts wherein each of the parties involved are acting in their given profession, and only to this area and not to consumer contracts or employment contracts. Under this rule, contracts are considered international unless all parties have their establishment inside of the same state, or where the relationships which connect the parties are all connected within one state. Under these revised principles the parties are able to choose the law which is applicable to their entire contract or to just a part of it. They can also select different laws for various components to their contract. This choice is not set in stone such that parties can opt at any time during the legal proceedings to modify or change their decision. Article 3 of The Hague Principles on Choice of Law in International Contracts pertains directly to the rules of law and it stipulates that the law selected by the parties can be rules of law which are accepted by international law, by supranational law, or by regional law so long as the laws are neutral and balanced. In essence, this revision to the Hague Rules of law give parties the freedom to avoid things such as federal governance, and instead handle local matters at regional levels, or vice versa. Article 7 of the same UN Convention contains the No-Harm Rule which requires all nations who utilize international watercourses to thwart harm to other nations who use the same watercourses through all appropriate measures. However, many nations proceed to dictate fairness, creating international vendettas which revert to Customary International Law. To address the application of underground water, the United Nations fashioned a resolution in 1994 of the International Law Association calling for further studies on how to govern groundwater. Taking the further research and expounding upon the international water laws currently in place, allowing governments to better fulfill their roles is a vital issue. International Freshwater and Watercourse Law are two very closely related facets of Environmental Law, whose birth has encouraged a rapid growth among other subsections of Environmental Law. While relatively new in regards to concerns such as water pollution, international freshwater law is still in infantile stages, desperately in need of revision and growth. While the United Nations Convention on the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses was a grand step initiative in dictating international standards for the use and care of international watercourses, Freshwater did not become an international concern until the mid-1990s. It was then that navigation of freshwater was addressed, following by non-navigational use of rivers. However, the conflict now arises from the lack of international allocation of freshwater resources. The number of international treaties pertaining to freshwater regulation have increased rapidly in number. Unfortunately the treaties in question pertain to developed countries. Even so, these treaties often result in no action or resolutions. Because of pollution, use, and distribution, freshwater resources and rivers are often at the height of political conflicts. The Colorado River, Rio Grande, Parana, Rhine, Nile, and Jordan rivers are all examples of how conflict can turn to treaties, military actions, and the desperate need for improved international freshwater law. As the lines between political and environmental issues are continually blurred, the agenda for international freshwater and watercourse law has altered significantly each decade since inception with the introduction of other legal breakthroughs. Environmental law was subject to business law during the 1980s, incorporating human rights law and the rights of women. Deciding how best to rectify the shortage of fresh drinking water, while providing means for better international allocation has produced many options, however each with room for negotiations. Interventions to tackle communicable diseases are already in place through organizations such as WHO and the CDC which offer travel-specific information on how to prevent spreading your illness, how to prevent yourself from becoming ill, and recommendations on how to treat your illness. While this does not stop travel or the spread of disease in and of itself, it is a small step. Recommendations for this are difficult and of course, as with all things, begin with education. By first providing information on communicable disease, the risk of spreading such disease while traveling, and on public health methods for remaining healthy, individuals can be educated about topics which can mitigate the risk of spreading diseases. Well, these are nothing if not wonderful. For additional writing help with your quantitative research essay please check our collection of 20 specifics topic on the matter, sample essay and guide on how to write such type of paper. References: Kastelik, J. A., Thompson, R. H., Aziz, I., Ojoo, J. C., Redington, A. E., Morice, A. H. (2002). Sex-related differences in cough reflex sensitivity in patients with chronic cough.  American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,  166(7), 961-964. Peek M, Cutchin M, Freeman D, Stowe R, Goodwin J. Environmental hazards and stress: evidence from the Texas City Stress and Health Study.  Journal of epidemiology and community health. 2009;63(10):10.1136/jech.2008.079806. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.079806. Rausser, Gordon C., Johan Swinnen, and Pinhas Zusman.  Political power and economic policy: theory, analysis, and empirical applications. Cambridge University Press, 2011. Rihoux, BenoiÌ‚t, and Heike M Grimm.  Innovative Comparative Methods For Policy Analysis. New York, NY: Springer, 2006. Print. Sadoulet, Elisabeth, and Alain De Janvry.  Quantitative Development Policy Analysis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995. Print. Stokey, Nancy L.  Recursive methods in economic dynamics. Harvard University Press, 1989. Woodwell, D. A., Cherry, D. K. (2004). National ambulatory medical care survey: 2002 summary.  Advance data, (346), 1-44.

A World Without Father or Husbands Essays - Matriarchy, Mosuo

A World Without Father or Husbands Essays - Matriarchy, Mosuo Anthropology 10-25-15 A World Without Father or Husbands In Southwest China, near the border of Tibet, stands Lugu Lake. This area is home to the Matriarchal society of the Mosuo people. This ethnic group has culture far different than that of any other Chinese ethnic group. Here, women can have relationships with whomever they please. Men can too, but women earn their respect from doing so. Men dont have much work to do, as women are the driving workforces of the households. It is very evident how women have a higher status in this culture. Usually in other Chinese cities, women are more reserved and are not as respected as the men are. In Lugu Lake, the women are seen laughing and joking around, as well as discussing their multiple lovers. The men always visit the women, as women lose respect if they are the ones visiting. There are no telephones here, so the men will show up to their lovers house without planning. They general visit every two to six months and stay for around four days. The men then leave without a hug or goodbye. These festive visits are very interesting and quite impressive as these women are able to live their lives without any rejection or humiliation from the public, like we do here in America. Women in other countries are usually shamed for being open about their romantic lives. Given, as some of the younger children of the Mosuo people want their fathers to be more involved in their lives, it is clear that modern culture is playing a key influence. Over time, this influence will shape the culture of these people differently. This video definitely relates to our Anthropology class, because we can see how vastly different other cultures are, and how they can change depending on influential factors.